ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨДоголон Төмөр хаан
468ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠠᠮᠲᠠᠷ
ᠲᠦᠷᠺᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠪᠤᠬᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠺᠧᠱ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ (ᠦᠽᠸᠪᠧᠺᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠥᠨᠥ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠾᠷᠢᠰᠠᠸᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ) ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠮᠥᠩᠬᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠴᠦ ᠳᠠᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ 12 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠯᠠᠯᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠽᠸᠪᠧᠺ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠᠰ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ 1361 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠢᠯᠢᠰ ᠬᠣᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠺᠠᠱᠺᠠᠳᠠᠷ ᠦ ᠸᠢᠯᠡᠢᠲ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ( ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ) ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠯᠠᠰ ᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠠ᠃
ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢᠴᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠲᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠴᠢᠬ᠍ᠱᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠲᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠬᠦᠢᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠮᠠᠲᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠦᠺᠮᠧᠨ ᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠷᠺᠠᠠᠳ᠋ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠬᠤᠰᠧᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠦᠽᠸᠪᠧᠺ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠢ᠂ ᠬᠣᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠢᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠷᠺᠠᠠᠳ᠋ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠬᠤᠰᠧᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠷᠺᠠᠠᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠡᠢᠲᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ 100 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ 80 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠢᠵᠠ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠺᠯᠤᠺ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠪᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠬᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠴᠣᠬᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ 1370 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠱᠢᠷᠳᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃
ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠬᠣᠢᠰᠢ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠦᠦ ᠬᠣᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠴᠠᠢᠵᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠢᠵᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠱᠢᠷᠳᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠴᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠥᠭᠴᠦ ᠴᠠᠢᠵᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠵᠡᠭᠦᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠢᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃
1370 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ᠂ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠺᠣᠮᠪᠣᠯ ᠱᠠᠬᠠ ᠠᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠡᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠠᠮᠤᠳᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠨᠦ᠍ᠭᠦᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠤᠧᠷᠠᠨᠠᠷᠤᠮ ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠷᠺᠠᠠᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠣᠮᠣᠭ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ᠂ ᠯᠠᠯᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠰᠡᠳᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠮᠠᠲᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠠᠷᠮᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠺᠲ᠋ᠢᠺ ᠢ᠋ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃
ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠦᠨᠡᠨᠴᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰ 313 ᠳᠠᠢᠴᠢᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠮᠠᠲᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ 10 ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ 100 ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 100 ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠩᠵᠤᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠬᠥᠭᠡᠵᠦ《ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠬᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ᠂ ᠬᠣᠪ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠱ᠌ᠢᠶᠡᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠩ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ᠃》 ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠲᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠲᠤ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠰᠦ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠰᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃
ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ᠂ ᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠣᠯᠵᠠ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠣᠯᠭᠣᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ᠍ 2 ᠢ᠋4 ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠣᠯᠭᠣᠨᠠ᠂ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠮᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠰᠠᠢᠰᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ᠂ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠣᠯᠭᠣᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠪᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠮᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠴᠠᠯᠢᠩ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠦᠢᠲᠡᠢ᠃
ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠠᠷᠮᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠴᠥᠮᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ᠂ 18-20 ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ 10 ᠵᠡᠪᠡ᠂ ᠰᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠬᠢᠷᠥᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠢᠪᠦᠭᠡ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠡᠦ᠋ᠳ᠋ᠡᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ 19 ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠲᠣᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭ᠂ ᠢᠯᠳᠦ᠂ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠵᠢᠳᠠ᠂ ᠰᠡᠯᠡᠮᠡ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠤᠲᠤᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠯᠲᠡ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠠᠵᠢᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃
ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ
ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠲᠤᠷᠰᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠨᠠᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠮᠵᠢᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠢᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠮᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠰᠠᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠳᠠ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠭᠢᠯᠪᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠂《ᠠᠷᠪᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃》 ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃
ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ 1371 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ 1380 ᠣᠨ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠦᠽᠸᠪᠧᠺ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠥᠨᠥ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠹᠭᠠᠨᠢᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠳᠡᠢᠯᠦᠩᠭᠢ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠫᠢᠷᠠᠮᠢᠳ ᠪᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃
ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ 1376 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮᠢᠱᠢ ᠵᠠᠩᠵᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ᠍ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠮ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃
ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠷᠺᠠᠠᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠰ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠨᠡᠢᠲᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ 150 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠣᠶᠣᠮᠰᠣᠭ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃
1386 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠺᠠᠣᠬᠡᠰ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠲᠢᠹᠯᠢᠰ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠦᠷᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠤᠲᠠ ᠨᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠢᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠰᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠷᠮᠧᠨᠢᠶᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠲᠠ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃
1388 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠣᠷᠧᠽᠮ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠯ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ᠍ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠡᠰᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠴᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠴᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠦᠢᠰᠦ ᠲᠠᠮᠲᠠᠷᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠵᠧᠢᠬᠤᠨ (ᠠᠮᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ) ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠫᠠᠮᠢᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃
1389 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠪᠠᠯᠠᠠᠠᠱ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠰᠧᠮᠢᠷᠧᠴᠢᠶᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ᠌᠂ ᠥᠨᠥ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠠᠭᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠫᠧᠷᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠲᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠢᠯᠣᠭᠣ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠣᠠᠠᠳᠠᠮᠢᠱᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠣᠢᠲᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠦᠢᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠷᠺᠠᠠᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ 1389᠂ 1391᠂ 1394᠂ 1395 ᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠨᠡᠢᠲᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠲᠥᠭᠡᠨᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ 2500 ᠺᠢᠯᠣᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠺᠠᠰᠫᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠠᠽᠧᠷᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠸᠷᠸᠸᠠᠲ ᠴᠠᠢᠵᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠠᠢ᠃
1391 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠳᠣᠯᠣᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠺᠧᠺᠭ᠌ᠧᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ 300 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠰᠡᠷᠡᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠳᠦᠢᠪᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠦ᠍ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1395 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠢᠪᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠯᠧᠼ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠴᠠᠢᠵᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠦᠢᠮᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠴᠤ᠌ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠵᠠᠢ᠃
1392-1398 ᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠫᠧᠷᠰ᠂ ᠬᠥᠷᠰᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠺᠠᠣᠬᠡᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ 1394 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠫᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠯᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠫᠧᠷᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠮᠠᠠᠰᠣᠷ ᠱᠠᠭᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠳᠠᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠲᠦᠯᠭᠦᠢᠲᠦᠵᠦ ᠨᠥᠭᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠳᠡᠢᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠫᠧᠷᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠲᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠫᠧᠷᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ᠂ ᠮᠣᠵᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠢᠮᠡᠷᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠢᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠮᠲᠡᠷᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃
1398 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠭᠡᠭᠴᠦᠳ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠧᠷᠠᠲ᠋ᠭ᠋ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠳᠣᠣᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠦᠬᠡ ᠤᠬᠤᠵᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠱᠠᠲᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠨᠡᠪᠲᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠴᠠᠢᠵᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠮ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠠᠩᠭᠠ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠲᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠴᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠮᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ 48 ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠪᠢ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠣᠩᠭᠣᠴᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃
1398 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠯᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠳᠥᠭᠥᠨ ᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠠᠠᠠᠠᠮᠣᠢᠳ᠋ ᠲᠤᠺᠯᠠᠺ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠤᠲᠠ ᠨᠢᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠣᠷᠣ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠣᠨᠣᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠵᠦᠢᠯᠡᠰ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠷᠺᠠᠠᠳ᠋ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠰᠥᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠧᠯᠢᠴᠤᠳ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯᠬᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ 1398 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠫᠠᠨᠢᠫᠠᠲ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠣᠯᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠠ᠃
ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ 1400 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠰᠢᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠮᠣᠷᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠧᠰᠣᠫᠣᠲ᠋ᠠᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠫᠧᠫᠫᠣ ( ᠥᠨᠥ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠧᠪ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ) ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠯᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠰᠢᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠳ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠺ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠴᠠᠢᠵᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠯᠡ ᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠷᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠮᠠᠰᠺ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ 1401 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 25 ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠨᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠴᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠷᠺᠠᠠᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃
ᠰᠢᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠦᠺ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠺᠧᠮᠠᠺ ᠴᠠᠢᠵᠠ᠂ ᠱᠢᠸᠠᠰ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠦᠺ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠽᠢᠳᠠ ᠰᠤᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠠᠶᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ 800 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠺᠢᠽᠢᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠢᠷᠮᠠᠺ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠭᠠᠲᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠠᠨᠺᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 1402 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ 20 ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠠᠨᠺᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ 300 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ 32 ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠦᠺ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠰᠥᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠲᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ᠂ ᠰᠧᠷᠪ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠲ᠋ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠲᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ 200 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠢᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠬᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ 18 ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠲ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠤᠷᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃
ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠮᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠽᠢᠶᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠣᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠥᠷᠰᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠮᠢᠶᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠥᠭᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ 1404 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠶᠸᠵᠢᠫᠲ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠤᠯᠲᠠᠨ᠂ ᠸᠢᠽᠠᠠᠲ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠲᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠢᠣᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃
ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠠᠰᠤᠷᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠠᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠲᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ 1405 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠥᠭᠡᠳᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠭᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠲᠦ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠢᠳᠤᠵᠤ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠣᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠱᠠᠷᠤᠺ ᠨᠢ 1420 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠷᠺᠠᠠᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠡᠮᠢᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃
ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠣᠨᠢᠷᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠢᠬᠡᠣᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠷᠺᠠᠠᠳ᠋ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠪᠠᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠪᠣᠩᠠᠠᠣᠨ ᠢ᠋ 1941 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ 1940 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠣᠳᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠴᠢᠣᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠬᠡᠷᠪᠡ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠪᠣᠩᠠᠠᠣᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠪᠳᠣᠯᠠᠠᠣ᠌ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠥᠯᠵᠡᠢᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠣᠯᠪᠣᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ 1405 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠳᠣᠭᠣᠯᠠᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠦᠨᠡᠰᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠠ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠰᠠᠢ!