ᠳᠠᠢᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ-ᠨᠠᠮᠰᠠᠷᠠᠢ <ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ> ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ᠂ Дайчин улсын үеийн монголын түүх-Намсрай 2-2
37ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ(ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ) ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ
ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ᠂ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ
ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ
1625 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌᠂ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠠᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠢᠷᠮᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠱ᠌ᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠣᠯᠠ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠭᠠᠡᠰ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠤᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠱᠤᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠠᠯᠤᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ᠂ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠯᠵᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠶᠦᠮ᠃1628 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠴᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠣᠯᠠ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠴᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠱᠤᠳ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠢᠭᠦᠦ ᠦᠵᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠳᠠ ᠢᠯᠲᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠴᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠵᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠳᠡᠩᠳᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠣᠲᠣᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠥᠷᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠪᠡ᠃[24] ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠳᠤᠬᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠡᠶᠡᠯᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠷᠯᠡᠯ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠮ ᠰᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠳᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂1628 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠦᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃
1268 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠣᠯᠣᠢ ᠤᠪᠠᠰᠢ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃1628 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ1629 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌᠂ ᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭ ᠢᠯᠳᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠬᠡᠯᠠᠮᠷ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠮᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠦᠭᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠠᠢᠬᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠶᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠢᠳᠠᠷᠢ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠭᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠰᠡᠳᠬᠢᠯ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠰᠴᠦ᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠵᠤ[25] ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1625 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠷᠢᠳ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠳ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠱᠣᠯᠣᠢ ᠤᠪᠠᠰᠢ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠮᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠪᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠪᠴᠤᠤ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠭᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃
1629 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌᠂ ᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠦᠷ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳᠴᠤᠳ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠰ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠭ ᠰᠠᠢᠷ᠂ ᠦᠷᠦᠮᠴᠢ᠂ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠢᠯᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠠᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠢᠷᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠣᠢᠴᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠰ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨᠴᠡ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠴᠣᠭᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠠᠢᠰᠠᠩ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠠᠢᠬᠤᠰᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠯᠬᠠᠰ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃
ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠢᠰᠦᠮ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠪᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠬᠣᠱᠤᠳ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠴᠢᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ(ᠵᠠᠢᠰᠠᠩ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠢᠨᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠢ) ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠯᠬᠠᠰ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠦᠷᠦᠮᠴᠢ ᠲᠩᠷᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠭᠦᠷᠦᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠴᠦᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠲᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠣᠢᠳ ᠶᠣᠯᠳᠣᠰ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠬᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃
1634 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠴᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠵᠦ ᠯᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠴᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ (ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠨᠠᠳᠤ) ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠯᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠷᠯᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠷᠰᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠯᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠴᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠰᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠴᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠩᠶᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠷᠰᠯᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ ᠃
ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠮᠥᠬᠥᠵᠦ ᠰᠡᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠠᠰᠠᠭᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣᠷ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠰᠤᠷᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠡᠷᠢᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠳᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠰᠦᠪᠡᠭᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ [26] ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠦ ᠥᠭᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠠ᠃
1635 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠭᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠡᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠨ [27] ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠲᠤᠭᠲᠤ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠳᠦᠷᠦᠪᠡᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ᠂ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠲᠦ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠪᠠᠰᠢ᠂ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠶᠡ᠂ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠨᠡ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳᠬᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠣᠷᠣᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠨᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠠᠪᠡᠷ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠶᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠤᠯᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ 1635 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠪᠡᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠥᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠶᠠᠩᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤᠯᠠᠵᠤ [28] ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠢᠳ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠰᠴᠦ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠪᠡᠢᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠳᠠᠩᠵᠢᠩᠴᠤᠢᠷᠵᠢᠯ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ[29] ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠣᠯᠠ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠷᠬᠠᠪᠠ᠃
ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂1636 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠣᠯᠠ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠯᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠬᠠᠷᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠣᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠢᠰ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠨᠡᠳᠲᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠯᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡ[30]᠃ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠮᠣᠭᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠬᠣᠢᠳ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠶᠡ(ᠡᠰᠡᠯᠪᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ) ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠮᠰᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠮᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠰᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠭᠠᠢᠬᠠᠮᠰᠢᠭᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠶᠡ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠠᠴᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠰᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠠᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠤᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠶᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠤᠪᠤᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠡᠢ᠃ ᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠥᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠮᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠷᠠᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠴᠠᠪᠴᠢᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠣᠮᠪᠣ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠪᠠ[31]᠃ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠩᠭᠠᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡᠯᠪᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠶᠡ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢᠷᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃
1636 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌᠂ ᠲᠥᠷᠦᠪᠡᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠡᠪᠦᠯᠵᠢᠵᠡᠢ᠃ 1637 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌᠂ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠴᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠯᠳᠤᠪᠠ᠃ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠴᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠪᠡᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠪᠡᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠥᠬᠥᠷᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠥᠬᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠨᠳ᠋ᠠᠷᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠪᠡ᠃
ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠵᠦ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ
ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ
ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ᠂ ᠲᠣᠩᠶᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠡᠵᠢᠶᠡ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠬᠦ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠢᠮᠦ ᠡᠴᠡ 1637 ᠣᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ1640 ᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦᠯᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃
ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠩᠶᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠴᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠣᠷ᠂ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠢᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ[32] ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠦᠮ᠃ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠬᠣᠱᠤᠳ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠬᠣᠴᠣᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠸᠴᠷᠢᠷᠲᠦ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ᠂ ᠠᠪᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠨᠳᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠤᠪᠠᠰᠢ(ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦ) ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠯᠭᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃ ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠴᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌᠂ ᠮᠢᠨᠦ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠠᠳᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠭ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠣᠩ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠱᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠷᠭᠤᠳ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ[33] ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠴᠡᠢ᠃
1638 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌᠂ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠪᠵᠠᠮᠰᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᡀᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠳᠠᠮᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠶᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠥᠯᠥᠭᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠷᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢᠯᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠱᠠᠪᠷᠤᠩ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠠᠳᠬᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ᠌ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠨᠤ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠰ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠱᠠᠪᠷᠤᠩ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠢᠳᠬᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠣᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠂ ᠴᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠰᠠᠮᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠮᠴᠣᠢᠮᠫᠢᠯ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠷᠤᠩ ᠤ᠋ᠳ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠮᠴᠣᠢᠮᠫᠢᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠬᠠᠷᠢ ᠠᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠩᠶᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨᠦᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃
1639 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌᠂ ᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠩᠶᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠠᠰᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠥᠭᠴᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠷᠭᠡᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠨᠤᠮᠴᠤᠢᠮᠫᠵᠯ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠤᠪᠢᠯᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠃ 1640 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌᠂ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠺᠠᠮ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠩᠶᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠺᠠᠮ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠩᠶᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠢᠨᠳᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠳ ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠦᠬᠦᠪᠡ᠃ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᡀᠠᠰᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍᠂ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠮ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠺᠠᠮ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠣᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠺᠠᠮ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠰᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠺᠠᠮ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠤᠴᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠴᠣᠬᠣᠮ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠳᠬᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣᠬᠢ ᠵᠥᠷᠢᠴᠡᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠠᠳᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠶᠠ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠴᠣᠬᠢᠭᠲᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃1642 ᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌᠂ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠢᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠣᠷᠣᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ᠋ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠴᠦ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠯᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠵᠡᠯᠴᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠤᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠴᠦᠰ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠦᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠦᠰ ᠡᠯᠳᠡᠪ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠷᠭᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠣᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠠᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠽᠠᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠷᠠᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠢᠯᠤᠩᠪᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠥ᠂ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢᠰ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠰᠢᠯᠤᠩᠪᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠡᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᡀᠠᠰᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠢᠯᠤᠩᠪᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠽᠡᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠴᠥᠮ ᡀᠠᠰᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠡᠨᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠬᠡᠢᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠵᠣᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠣᠷᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭᠲᠡᠨ᠂ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠬᠣᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠬᠡᠢᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠵᠦ ᠵᠢᠳᠬᠦᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠴᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠪᠦᠯᠦᠭ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠬᠣᠭᠰᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠥᠮᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠳᠬᠤᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠤ ᠽᠡᠩᠪᠠ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠰᠬᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠷᠬᠠᠬᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠳᠣᠯᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠡᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃
ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠮᠰᠢᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᡀᠠᠰᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠩᠭᠤᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠨᠥᠭᠦᠭᠡ ᠨᠠᠢ᠍ᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠺᠠᠮ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠢᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠪᠠ ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠦᠢ ᠽᠠᠩ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠭᠠᠢᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ᠂ ᠪᠠᠨᠴᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠴᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠬᠡᠢᠳ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠨᠠ᠃
ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠣᠰᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ᠂ ᠰᠣᠨᠤᠮᠴᠣᠢᠮᠫᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠠᠷ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠪᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠢ ᠽᠠᠩ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠬᠡᠮ ᠢ᠋ ᠴᠥᠮ ᠭᠦᠦᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠮᠵᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠣᠨᠣᠰᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠢᠪᠠ᠃