ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠷZaarЗаар
304ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠷ
ᠲᠤᠰ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠤᠭᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠪᠣᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠱᠦᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠮᠠᠯ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠯᠠᠷᠽᠢ᠂ ᠯᠠᠪᠠᠨᠣᠷᠪᠤ᠂ ᠽᠢᠮᠡᠭᠢᠢᠳᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠠᠪᠦ᠋ᠷ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃
[ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠠᠮᠢᠲᠠᠨ]1. ᠣᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠨᠢ70—90cm᠂ ᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠳᠣᠯᠭᠢᠶᠠᠯᠢᠭ ᠮᠤᠷᠤᠢ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠴᠢᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠨᠢᠳᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠣᠢᠲᠤ ᠮᠥᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡ᠂ ᠪᠦᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠢᠷ᠂ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠣᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠲᠣᠯᠪᠣ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠷᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠥᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠪᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠲᠣᠳᠣᠷᠬᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠢᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠰᠣᠶᠣᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠵᠢᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠦᠢᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠮᠢᠬᠠ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠵᠠᠪᠰᠠᠷ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠭᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠢᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠮᠥᠬᠥᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠴᠠᠪᠠᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠱᠦᠭᠦᠷᠳᠡᠰᠦ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
2 ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ᠂ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠴᠦ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠢᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠣᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠢᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠶᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠃ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠮᠥᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃
3.ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ᠂85—90cm ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠃ ᠪᠦᠬᠦ ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠴᠠᠢᠪᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠢᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠳᠡᠢᠯᠦᠩᠭᠦᠢ᠃ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠴᠠᠷ᠂ ᠮᠠᠩᠨᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ᠂ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠢᠷ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠩᠭᠤᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠢᠷ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ᠂ ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠯᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠢᠷ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ᠂ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠣᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠪᠤᠲᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂4—6 ᠲᠣᠯᠪᠣ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠥᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠡᠪᠡᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠷᠣᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠢᠷ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃
[ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ] ᠣᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠬᠠᠳᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠷᠬᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠ᠂ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠮᠦᠦᠰᠦᠲᠦ ᠣᠢ᠂ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠲᠤ ᠣᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠣᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠧᠴᠤᠸᠠᠨ᠂ ᠭᠠᠨᠰᠦ᠂ ᠱᠠᠨᠰᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠧᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠢᠵᠧᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠣᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠮᠦᠦᠰᠦᠲᠦ ᠣᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠮᠦᠦᠰᠦᠲᠦ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠲᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠣᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠢᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠴᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠢ ᠱᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠂ ᠾᠧᠪᠧᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
[ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ] ᠵᠡᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠭᠲᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ᠋《ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠷ 》ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠯᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠭᠤᠲᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋《 ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠷ》 ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠵᠢᠭᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠳᠡᠷᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠭᠤᠲᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠷ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃
[ ᠠᠮᠲᠠ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ] ᠭᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠭᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠮᠣᠬᠣᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠲᠣᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃
[ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ] ᠨᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢᠲᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠲᠠᠢᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠦᠪᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠨᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠶᠠᠮᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠰᠠ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠡᠯᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
[ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ] ᠵᠢᠷᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ᠄麝香（1.林麝2.马麝3.原麝）
ᠠᠩᠭ᠌ᠯᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ᠄1.Moschus berezovskii Flerou 2.Moschus sifanicus Przewalski 3.Moschus moschiferus moschiferus Linnaeus
ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠄ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭᠠ
ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠄ ᠣᠶᠤᠨᠴᠢᠮᠡᠭ