ᠦᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢÖmkhii davirkhaiӨмхий давирхай
174ᠦᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ
ᠲᠤᠰ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠰᠢᠬᠦᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠲᠦ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ᠂ ᠹᠦ ᠺᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃
[ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ]1. ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠃50~150cm ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣ᠂ ᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠦᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠠᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠯ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠭ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠣᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠡᠢᠷᠡᠭ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭ᠋ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠴᠠᠢᠪᠤᠷ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠬᠤᠪᠠᠬᠠᠢᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋᠂ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠤᠪᠠᠩ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠥᠳᠥᠯᠢᠭ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠳ ᠣᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠢᠯᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠤᠤᠪᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠣᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠣᠢ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋᠃ ᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠬᠢ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠲᠦ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠪᠠᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠰᠠᠷᠢᠰᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠣᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠰᠢ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠣᠷᠣᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨᠡ᠃5~25 ᠰᠢᠬᠦᠷ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠬᠢ ᠰᠢᠬᠦᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠢᠬᠠᠮ᠃ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ10~20 ᠬᠦᠢᠰ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠣᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠰ ᠨᠢ5᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂2mm ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠴᠣᠭ ᠨᠢ5᠂ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠰᠣᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ᠂ ᠡᠮᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠴᠣᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠬᠣᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠤᠤᠪᠠᠩ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂10~12mm ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠮᠠᠭ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠷᠮᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠳᠦᠭᠦᠷ᠃4~5 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂5~6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
2. ᠹᠦ ᠺᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠳᠦᠷᠰᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠲᠥᠰᠦᠭᠡᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠯ ᠭᠡᠪᠡᠯ ᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ᠨᠢ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠵᠠᠭᠤ ᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠥᠳᠥᠯᠢᠭ ᠣᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠷ ᠢᠯᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ20mm ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠨᠢ12~16mm ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠠ᠋ᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠃ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠷᠮᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠷᠪᠡᠬᠡᠷ᠂ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠴᠣᠷᠭᠣ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠢᠷᠮᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ ᠨᠢ4~5 ᠲᠣᠰᠣᠨ ᠴᠣᠷᠭᠣ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ10~12 ᠪᠣᠢ᠃
[ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ] ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠭᠣᠪᠢ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠠ ᠠᠲᠠᠷ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠹᠦ ᠺᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠹᠦ ᠺᠠᠩ᠂ ᠱᠢ ᠴᠢᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
[ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ] ᠬᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠡᠰᠢᠨ ᠦ᠌ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠣᠷᠣᠭᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠣᠭᠲᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠱᠦᠭᠦᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃
[ ᠠᠮᠲᠠ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ] ᠭᠤᠱᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ᠲᠣᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠢ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃
[ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ] ᠬᠡᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠳᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠢᠯᠴᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠡᠯᠪᠢᠬᠦ᠂ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢᠲᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠳᠬᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠷᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠨᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠶᠠ᠂ ᠬᠣᠳᠣᠭᠣᠳᠣ ᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠰᠡ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠳᠭ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠢ ᠪᠡᠷ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠳᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠲᠦ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠬᠦ᠂ ᠤᠮᠠᠢ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠬᠠᠢ᠂ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷᠠ ᠬᠣᠷᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
[ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠤᠯ] ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠷᠮᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠲᠡᠢ ᠳ᠋ᠦ᠍ ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ᠄阿魏 (1.新疆阿魏 2.阜康阿魏)
ᠠᠩᠭ᠌ᠯᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ᠄1.Ferula sinkingensis K.M.Shen
2.Ferula fukanensis K. M. Shen
ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠄ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ
ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠄ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭᠠ