ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣShar modШар мод
296ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ
ᠲᠤᠰ ᠡᠮ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭᠲᠦ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠯᠣ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠱᠥ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃
[ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ]1.ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠯᠣ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠵᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ᠃10~25m ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ᠂ ᠬᠣᠯᠲᠣᠰᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠢᠪᠤᠷ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠢᠯᠴᠦᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠪᠬᠤᠷᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠤᠪᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠰᠣᠨᠳᠣᠭᠣᠢ ᠥᠳᠥᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ5~13 ᠢᠯᠲᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠣᠬᠣᠷ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠲᠤᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠬᠯᠢᠭ᠋ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠨᠡ᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂5~11cm ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂2~3.8cm ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠱᠣᠪᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠲᠦ᠍ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠥᠲᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯ ᠭᠥᠯᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠯ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠨᠢᠯᠬᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ᠋ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠥᠲᠡᠯᠪᠡᠯ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠲᠦ᠋ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠣᠨᠳᠣᠣ ᠬᠡᠷᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ᠃ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠣᠢ ᠨᠢ 5᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠪᠢ ᠨᠢ5᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠴᠣᠭ ᠨᠢ5᠂ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠪᠢ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠪᠡᠨ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠂ ᠳᠣᠬᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠤᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠤᠮᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠬᠣᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠰᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠯᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂5 ᠣᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠦᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ8~10mm᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠷᠣ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂5 ᠦᠷᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃
2.ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠵᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ᠃10~12m ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ᠂ ᠬᠣᠯᠲᠣᠰᠣ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠢᠪᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠷᠡᠩ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨᠠ᠂ ᠰᠣᠨᠳᠣᠭᠣᠢ ᠥᠳᠥᠯᠢᠭ ᠨᠡᠢᠯᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ7~15 ᠢᠯᠲᠠᠰᠤ᠂ ᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠢᠯᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠬᠯᠢᠭ᠋ ᠬᠠᠪᠲᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠲᠡᠪᠡᠨᠡ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠷᠢᠬᠯᠢᠭ᠋ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂9~14cm ᠤᠷᠲᠤ᠂3~5cm ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ᠂ ᠱᠣᠪᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷ ᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠷ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠨᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠳᠡᠭᠢ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠰᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠣᠭᠣᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠭ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠱᠣᠷᠣᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠡᠩᠭᠡᠯᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠴᠢᠷ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭ ᠣᠬᠣᠷ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠦᠰᠦ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠣᠨᠳᠣᠣ ᠭᠡᠷᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠣᠭᠳᠣᠢ ᠢᠯᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠢ5᠂ ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠳᠡᠯᠪᠢ ᠨᠢ5᠂ ᠤᠷᠲᠤᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠴᠣᠭ ᠨᠢ5᠂ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠡᠰ ᠦ᠋ᠨ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠴᠤᠬᠤᠢᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨᠠ᠃ 1ᠡᠮᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠣᠷᠴᠣᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠮᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠥᠮᠪᠥᠭᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠢᠶᠠᠮᠧᠲ᠋ᠷ ᠨᠢ1~1.2cm᠂ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠪᠣᠷᠣᠪᠲᠤᠷ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠳ᠋ᠡᠭᠡᠨ5 ᠴᠥᠮᠡ ᠲᠡᠢ᠂5~6 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂10 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠵᠢᠮᠢᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠨᠠ᠃
[ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ] ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠣᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠣᠣ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠭᠣᠷᠣᠬᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡ ᠣᠷᠴᠢᠮ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨᠠ᠃ ᠵᠤᠵᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠣᠪᠣᠯᠣ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠣᠢᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ᠂ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡᠲᠦ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤᠲᠤ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠵᠧᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠧᠢ᠂ ᠰᠧᠴᠤᠸᠠᠨ᠂ ᠵᠢᠶᠠᠩᠰᠢ᠂ ᠭᠦᠢᠵᠧᠦ᠂ ᠶᠦᠨᠨᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃
[ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ]3~6 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠭᠣᠷᠣᠨᠳᠣ10 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠡᠴᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠳᠣ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠢ᠋ᠶ᠋ᠡᠷ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠯᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ᠋ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠡᠷ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠶᠡᠰ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠢᠯᠡᠷᠡᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠷᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠤᠵᠤ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ᠂ ᠱᠤᠸᠠᠵᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠠᠷᠠᠨ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨᠠ᠃ ᠳᠣᠲᠣᠷ ᠬᠠᠯᠢᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠡᠮᠲᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃
[ ᠠᠮᠲᠠ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ] ᠭᠠᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠲᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠦᠭᠦᠨ᠂ ᠮᠣᠬᠣᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠰᠢᠩᠭᠡᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮ ᠲᠡᠢ᠃
[ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ] ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠢ᠋ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠢ᠋ ᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠣᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠰᠠᠢᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠭᠣᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠦᠬᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠰᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠭᠦᠪᠳᠦᠷᠦᠦ᠂ ᠢᠯᠢᠳᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠵᠢᠭᠢᠷ᠂ ᠤᠶᠠᠮᠠᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠣᠣᠷ ᠤ᠋ᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠴᠢᠰᠤ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠶ᠋ᠢᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠳᠦᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠳᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶ᠋ᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳ᠋ᠤ᠌ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃
ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ᠄1.黄柏 2.黄檗 3.黄皮树
ᠠᠩᠭ᠌ᠯᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ᠄1. Phellodendron amurense Rupr.
2. Phellodendron chinense Schneid.
ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠴᠢ᠄ ᠲᠤᠶᠠᠭᠠ
ᠬᠢᠨᠠᠭᠴᠢ᠄ ᠴᠡᠪᠡᠷᠴᠡᠴᠡᠭ